Computer programming is at the core of any computer operation. Edb-programmering er kernen i enhver computer operation. Unlike usual electro mechanical devices, a computer requires software to carry out instructions. I modsætning til sædvanlig elektro mekaniske anordninger, en computer kræver software til at udføre instruktioner. At the lowest level, machine code is used to control the hardware and operations of a computer. På det laveste niveau, maskinkode, der bruges til at kontrollere hardware og drift af en computer. The machine language is a set of zeros and ones and rather tedious to handle. Maskinen sprog er et sæt af nuller og ettaller og temmelig kedelig at håndtere. Therefore the instructions are coded in a higher level language called a computer program. Derfor vejledningen er kodet i et højere sprog kaldes et edb-program. The conversion of a higher level language into a machine code is carried out by assembly level languages or assemblers. Omdannelse af et højere sprog i en maskine kode er udført af forsamling niveauet sprog eller samlefabrikker. The transformation is completed without any human interface. Omdannelsen er afsluttet uden nogen menneskelig grænseflade.

During the initial days when computer programs were still at a nascent stage of development, languages such as COBOL and BASIC were highly popular. I løbet af de første dage, hvor edb-programmer var stadig på et spirende udviklingstrin, sprog såsom COBOL og BASIC var meget populære. As the computing power of computers increased ,the demand for more efficient programs emerged. Som den computerkraft af computere steget, er efterspørgslen efter mere effektive programmer dukket op. The third generation programs had better portability and efficiency compared to the earlier generations. Den tredje generation af programmer havde bedre portabilitet og effektivitet i forhold til tidligere generationer. The need to handle enormous amount of data gave rise to specialized software called database management software or more specifically relational database management software. Behovet for at håndtere de enorme mængder af data gav anledning til specialiseret software kaldet database management software eller mere specifikt relationelle database management software. Companies like Oracle, IBM and Microsoft have developed their own version of RDBMS. Selskaber som Oracle, IBM og Microsoft har udviklet deres egen version af rdbms. On the processing front ,Mainframes were using COLOL for business applications and FORTRAN ( Formula Translation ) for scientific applications. Om behandling front, Mainframes brugte COLOL for business-applikationer og FORTRAN (Formula Translation) for videnskabelige applikationer.

The concept of modularity became popular when hundreds of software programmers worked simultaneously on a single large project. Begrebet modularitet blev populære, når hundredvis af software programmører arbejdede samtidigt på et enkelt stort projekt. Object oriented programs like C++ gathered popularity. Objektorienterede programmer som C + + indsamlet popularitet. The code used in these higher level languages was reusable and the techniques could provide for better efficiency. Den kode, der bruges i disse højere niveau sprog var genbruges og de teknikker kunne sørge for bedre effektivitet.

Microsoft meanwhile brought out its own operating system which could be used on personal computers. Microsoft mellemtiden bringes ud af sit eget operativsystem, der kan bruges på pc'er. In a matter of years the Windows OS became a unprecedented success. I et spørgsmål om år Windows OS blev en enestående succes. The OS2 operating system used by Apple computers was relegated to a second position. Den OS2 operativsystem der anvendes af Apple-computere blev henvist til en anden stilling. IBM has been providing other system software but none could reach the popularity levels of Windows. IBM har været at give andre system-software, men ingen kunne nå den popularitet niveauer af Windows. The only problem with Windows is the issue of security breaches. Det eneste problem med Windows, er spørgsmålet om brud på sikkerheden. Though Microsoft has been striving hard to plug the security holes, it has not been entirely successful. Selv om Microsoft har været kæmper hårdt for at slutte sikkerhed huller, har det ikke været helt vellykket.

Modern computer programs strive more and more to behave like human language. Moderne edb-programmer bestræbe sig mere og mere at optræde som menneskelige sprog. Technologists believe that a day would come when one could program a computer by given verbal instructions. Teknologer mener, at en dag ville komme, hvor man kunne programmere en computer ved givet verbale anvisninger. Surely that's not going to happen in a hurry. Sikkert, at der ikke vil ske i et travlt. Artificial intelligence, expert systems, fuzzy logic and many more state of the art technologies are changing the face of programming. Kunstig intelligens, ekspertsystemer, fuzzy logik og mange flere state of the art "teknologier er ved at ændre lyset af programmering.

Computers unlike any other machine require a software program to operate. Computere i modsætning til alle andre maskiner kræver et software program til at fungere. It speaks in machine language which is gibberish to the human mind. Det taler i maskinen sprog, som er volapyk for det menneskelige øje. Higher level languages are used to translate recognizable instructions into machine language. Højere niveau sprog, der bruges til at oversætte genkendelige instruktioner i maskinen sprog. As we progress, the higher level languages would resemble human languages. Som vi fremskridt, jo højere niveau sprog ville ligne menneskelige sprog.

At the beginning of the computer era, a single program used to execute different functions. I begyndelsen af computeren epoke, et enkelt program, der benyttes til at udføre forskellige funktioner. Today, specialized programs are tailor made for different applications. I dag er specialiserede programmer, der er skræddersyet til forskellige applikationer. Complex programs require many programmers to work simultaneously on a single project. Komplekse programmer kræver mange programmører til at arbejde samtidigt på et enkelt projekt. Modular languages are well suited for such large projects. Modular sprog er velegnet til sådanne store projekter. Object oriented programming has become popular due to their modularity and ease of use. Objekt orienteret programmering er blevet populære på grund af deres modularitet og brugervenlighed.

Copyright (c) 2007 Dean Barnard Copyright (c) 2007 Dean Barnard

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